Window construction



May 2, 1933. J BERGER 1,907,237

WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 28, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 JAL-KEUN TEEHEEA Inventor Attorney May 2, 1933. J. T. BERGER WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 28, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Inventor Attorney May 2, 1933. J. 'r. BERGER WINDOW CONSTRUCTION Filed Aug. 28, 1951 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 JAEKfiU/V TEE GER Invenior A liar nc y Patented May 2, 1933 JACKSON '1. BERGER, or SPOK wAsHINeron WINDOW CONSTRUCTION i Application filed August 28, 1931. Serial No. 559,832.

. My present invention relates to improvements in window construction which in volves combinations and arrangements of parts in the frame structure and in the vertically sliding sashes guided therein, whereby the parts may be manufactured at comparatively inexpensive cost of production; the parts may be assembled and the units installed with facility; and a durable and 19 strong window structure is assured. The frame is provided with interchangeable parts in order that it may accurately be fitted in various types of wall structures or building wall openings, and in all of the arrangements provided between the sashes and the frame, and between the frame and the building wall.

Means are provided for vertically adjusting and retaining the slide sashes in adjusted position and the employment of box frames, sash pulleys and ropes, and sash weights is avoided, thereby materially reducing the cost of manufacture of the window structuresb Means are also provided whereby the upper and lower sashes may bodily be removed from the window frame in order to render accessible the outer sides of the sashes from the inner side of the window, to permit washing and cleaning of the outer sides of the sashes, painting the exteriors of the sashes, and for other purposes.

The invention consists in certain novel combinations and arrangements of parts as will hereinafter be more fully set forth and claimed; In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated one complete example of the physical embodiment of my invention wherein the parts are combined and arranged according to the best mode I have thus far de- 0 vised for the practical application of the principles of my invention.

Figure 1 is a perspective view in vertical section showing the sashes in closed position in the Window frame.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional View through the sashes and frame, and indicating by dotted lines the manner of tilting or swinging inwardly the two sashes of the window.

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional, detail View showing one side of the frame and sash,

and installations, weather, tight joints are with the parts installed in a brick-Veneer building wall, and the interior finish for the frame comprises a plaster return in lieu of wood trim. 1 Y J Figure 4 isa view similar to Figure 3 with the frame secured in the opening of the wall of a frame or weather-boarded house and the interior finish comprising a plaster return to the windowframe.

1 Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional view C3 showing the window structure in the opening of a wall of a frame house with exterior wood trim, and also interior wood trim about the window frame.

F igure6 isv a crosssectional view of one of the metal sash-carrier-plates, and indicating by dotted lines an expanded arrangement of the plate. v V v Figure 7 is a perspective view of one of the pair. of carrier-plates used with each 79 frame andpair of sashes.

Figure 8 is an enlarged sectional view showing the weather proof joint between the lower rail of the upper sash and the upper rail of the lower sash. Figure 8a is a similar view of a modified form of weather proof joint for these sashes.

Figure 9 is a sectional detail view of one of the combined sash fasteners and lifters, as at line 9-9 of Figure 10, and Figure 10 isa face view of one of the sash fasteners and lifting loops, two of which are mounted on each window sash.

In carrying out my invention I preferably constructthe window structure of wood with a sill 1 and an interior apron 2, the parts being provided with tongue and groove joints as indicated in Figs. 1 and2, and the side stiles 3 and l of the frame are rigidly secured to the. sill. A cross head 5 completes the 1 rigid rectangular frame, and to this cross head are attached the upper cross plates 6 and 7 at the exteriorand 6 at the interior side of the frame, tongue and groove joints being I, shown between the parts. At the exterior of the stiles, side rails are attached and indicated as 8, and the outer edges of the stiles are fashioned with tongues 9 that are fitted into complementary grooves 10 of the side rails to insure weather tight oints. As seen in Figure 5 an additional, shallow groove a is provded in the inner face of the side rails at one'side of the grooves 10.

The exterior trim for the window frame may include finishing strips of molding as 11 and 12, at the sides of the frame, and a horizontal molding strip 12 is employed for finishing the top part of the frame.

Each window frame is equipped witha pair of metal carrier-plates 13 and 14, and these plates, at their lower ends, are provided with pivot holes 15 located just above the squared lower end of the plate which is indicated as 16. Pivot pins or bolts 17 which pass through the holes 15, are secured to in the side stiles 3 and 4 of the frames, and the corners 18 at the inner sides of the carrier plates-are cut on curves having-the pivot-pins for centers, to permit inward swing of the plates on'these pivots as centers.

Attheir upperends the carrier plates are fashioned with a hole 19, for an attaching screw 20, or other suitable device, and the plates are each fashioned with a pair of parallel tongues, 21 and 22 extending the full height or length ofthe plates.

The plates maybe fashioned from suitable sheet metal adapted to lie flat against the sides of the side stiles 3 and 4, 'and the bodies of the plates may be of concavo-convex shape as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 6, or fiat,'a-nd the tongues '21 and 22 that rarefashioned by crimping or foldingthe metal, may

be fiat, as indicated by full lines, orthey may "be of V-shape in cross section as indicated by dotted lines. Nhenthe -V=shape is employed the carrier plates are "preferably'fashioned from resilient metal and-these V-shape's'more adequately provide for a weather proof joint in-the window structure.

As best seen in Figure 7 each of the'carrier plates is fashioned with semi-circular depressions or. notches 23 in the edges of the two -t0ngues'21 and 22, for co-action with a latchdevice by :means of which the upper sash 24 and the lower sash 25 may be'retain'ed inver- --tica"lly adjusted position.

. Each of the sashes, at its opposite side edges, is provided with a vertical-groove 26, and these grooves fit over thep-a'irs of tongues 2*ljand-22 of :the two carrier plates, and the tongues'and grooves co-act in retaining the sashesin upright-position and in guiding. the sashes as they are raised or lowered.

Bot-h ofthe sashes are vertically adjustable and a pairof latch devices areprovided for each sash :to hold the sash in-adjusted position, andtofas'ten the sash in its selected position. Each latch device or sash fastener comprises .a latch bolt-2.7 having a circular head 28 complementary 'to'the' notches 23 of the carrier plates, and a push'button 29, the "latter being accessible from the interior side ofsthe window sash to slide the' bolt in its 'housi-ng30 against thewtension of a. spring 31.

of the tongue of the carrier plate.

ing in, onthe button 29 the head is removed froni'the notch and "thenthe sash is free to be raised or lowered. For convenience in raising or lowering the sash, the cover plate is fashioned with an integral finger ring or loop 34, and a finger may be passed through the loop while athumb presses on the button or knob '29, to facilitate releasing the latchand raising or lowering the sash.

In Figure 8 a pairrof *V-shape weather strips, of resilient .meta l, and-indicated'as and 36 are attached respectively to the lower rail of the upper sash :and :the upper rail of the lower sash, to interlock, when the sashes are closed,:1for the purpose of forming a weather tight jointbetween the tw sashes.

- In Figure 8a a modified form of this weatherJti-ght joint is shown, where the bottom rail of the upper sash is provided with a grooved rib 37, and the-upper rail of the bottom sash is provided with a complementary grooved rib 38, and these grooved ribs co-acttoform the weathertight j-ointwhen thesashes are closed.

' T he window frame is mounted as usual in the wall opening between the two uprights as U, U, and in Figure 3 this opening is .provided'in abrick-veneer wall B at itsexterior,

while an interior finish is :provided-.by:-the

frame is of wood. For this interior wood finish Iemploy a wood filler strip '40 having a tongue 41- that fits snugly into the groove-39, and the finish is completed with a molding strip-as 42 overlapping the plaster From the above description taken in con nection with my drawings it will be apparent that I have provided a window structure that is comparatively slmple in construction, composed of a substantial minimum number 'ofparts as compared with the usual window construction involving theuse of weights, pulleys, cords, box-frames etc., and which performs its required functions 'in anhighly satisfactory manner.

The presence of the tongue and groove throughout the structure, as indicated at 43 and 44 in Figures 1 and 2 where the tongue and groove joint is used between the upper rail of the upper sash and the under face of the cross head 5 of the window frame, insures whether tight joints between parts of the frame, and also between the frame and the sashes.

In Figure 2 the sashes are shown in dotted position after the screw 20 has been released from the top of the carrier plates, and the two carrier plates and two sashes have been swung inwardly on the pivots 17 at the lower ends of the carrier plates.

To facilitate the bodily swinging movement of the carrier plates and the sashes, each of the plates is provided with an opening or hole 45 at its inner side, near the top edge of the plate, and a cross bar with hooked ends may be fitted to these two holes of the plates to hold the plates as a rigid structure as they swing on their pivots, and to hold the plates rigidly while the outer faces of the sashes are being cleansed, painted, or otherwise treated. After the carrier plates and sashes have been swung back into place with their outer edges fitted in the grooves 10a, the screws 20 are replaced, and the cross bar, or other tool is removed and stored for future use.

The fillter strip 40 of Figure 5 may be used in walls of various thicknesses, and while the thickness of the window frame remains the same in the various walls, the thickness of the filler strip varies, in order to bring the interior trim out to the face of the plastered wall within the room. In Figures 3 and 4 the use of the standard window structure according to my invention is illustrated with two walls of difierent thickness, the thicker wall in Figure 3 being of brick or stone veneer, and the wall of Figure 4 being that of a frame house. The plaster return P in both views terminates in the groove 39 of the side stiles, but the window recess of the thicker wall is deeper than that of the thinner wall, although both walls have the same thickness of window frame or structure.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. The combination with a window frame, of a pair of carrier plates mounted at opposite sides thereof, guide tongues on said plates, a pair of sliding sashes having grooves complementary to the tongues, and co-acting means on the sash and tongues for retaining the sash in adjusted vertical position.

2. The combination in a window structure with a pair of carrier plates having spaced parallel guide tongues, of a pair of sliding sashes having complementary grooves for the tongues, said tongues having each a series of spaced notches, sash fasteners on the sashes, and said fasteners including spring pressed bolts for co-action with said notches.

3. The combination in a Window structure with a pair of carrier plates having parallel guide tongues and notches in said tongues, of a pair of slidable sashes having grooves for the tongues, a pair of spring pressed slide bolts mounted in each sash, and a head on each bolt for engagement in a notch of a tongue.

4. The combination in a window structure with a pair of side stiles having exterior tongues and a cross head having a groove in its under face, of side rails having grooves fitted to said tongues and additional grooves in said rails, a pair of carrier plates having pivotal supports on said stiles and their outer edges fitted in said additional grooves,

and a pair of sliding sashes mounted on said plates.

5. The combination with a window frame including spaced, grooved rails, of a pair of carrier plates having pivotal connections at their lower ends to said frame and detachable fastenings at the upper ends of said plates, said plates each having a guide tongue at its inner edge, the inner edges of the plates fitted in said grooved rails, a second tongue on each plate intermediate its inner and outer edges, and an upper and lower sash having side grooves for co-action with said tongues.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

JACKSON T. BERGER. 

